# PROPANEDIOL (propanediol) — Global Cosmetic Regulatory & Formulation Monograph

- **Canonical URL**: https://www.inciname.com/en/ingredients/propanediol
- **Standard INCI**: `PROPANEDIOL`
- **KR MFDS Standard Name**: `프로판다이올`
- **CAS No.**: `504-63-2`
- **EC / EINECS No.**: `207-997-3`
- **Origin**: `synthetic`
- **Functions**: 용제, 점도조절제
- **Molecular Formula / MW**: `C3H8O2` (76.09 g/mol)

## 1. 7-Track Official Regulatory Label Names
| Track | Official Label Nomenclature |
| :--- | :--- |
| KR (MFDS Standard) | 프로판다이올 |
| KR (Former Names) | 프로판디올 |
| EU (CosIng 1223/2009) | PROPANEDIOL |
| US (PCPC / MoCRA INCI) | PROPANEDIOL |
| US (FDA OTC Monograph) | — |
| CN (NMPA IECIC) | 1,3-丙二醇 |
| JP (JCIA / MHLW QD) | プロパンジオール (QD: １，３－プロパンジオール) |

## 2. Layer 1 — Global 6-Region Statutory Summary
- **KR (MFDS)**: `none`
- **EU (1223/2009)**: `none`
- **US (FDA/MoCRA)**: `none`
- **CN (NMPA IECIC)**: `allowed` (Entry: `6`)
- **JP (MHLW)**: `none`
- **ASEAN (ACD)**: `none`



## 3. Layer 2 — Toxicological & Historical Safe Use Concentrations
- **cn_iecic_max** (leave_on): ≤ 50% — NMPA IECIC (2025) Entry 00006 (2025)
- **cn_iecic_max** (rinse_off): ≤ 40% — NMPA IECIC (2025) Entry 00006 (2025)

## 4. Layer 3 — Formulation Quartiles & Compatibility
- **Optimal pH Window**: 2 – 12
- **Max Process Temp**: ≤ 90°C
- **Synergy Pairings**: GLYCERIN, FERULIC ACID, SALICYLIC ACID, ASCORBIC ACID
- **Incompatibilities**: Superior skin tolerability compared to petroleum-derived 1,2-Propylene Glycol; excellent co-solvent for Salicylic Acid and Ferulic Acid

## 5. Academic Monograph
■ [1. Chemical Identity & International Labeling Nomenclature]
  - INCI Name: PROPANEDIOL | CAS No.: 504-63-2 | EC No.: 207-997-3
  - Origin: SYNTHETIC | Functions: , 
  - Physicochemical Profile: Formula C3H8O2 | MW 76.09 g/mol | LogP -1.04 | Ionic Nature: non-ionic | PubChem CID 10442
  - Official Regional Label Names: US [PROPANEDIOL] · EU [PROPANEDIOL] · CN [1,3-丙二醇] · JP [プロパンジオール] · JP Quasi-Drug [１，３－プロパンジオール]
■ [2. Dermatological Mechanism of Action & Functional Role]
  - Propanediol is the organic compound that conforms to the formula Classified under origin 'synthetic', it acts within the cosmetic vehicle or stratum corneum to deliver ,  performance and structural formulation stability.
■ [3. Global 6-Jurisdiction Regulatory Status & Safety Limits (Layer 1 & Layer 2)]
  - Regional Summary: KR: NONE | EU: NONE | US: NONE | CN: ALLOWED | JP: NONE | ASEAN: NONE (CN IECIC (2025) Entry No. 6 (1,3-丙二醇))
  - No specific Annex prohibition or numeric restriction across the 6 major jurisdictions (Permitted under general GMP safety assessment).
  - Official Safety & Historical Use Concentration (Layer 2): CN_IECIC_2025 (cn_iecic_max, leave_on): Max 50.0% / CN_IECIC_2025 (cn_iecic_max, rinse_off): Max 40.0%
■ [4. Formulation Dosage Guide by Product Category (Layer 3-A)]
  - [aqueous_serum] Typical range: 2.0 ~ 15.0% (Median 5.0%, Ref: CovationBio Zemea Propanediol TDS & CIR Assessment) — 100% bio-based natural humectant, co-solvent & penetration enhancer
  - [emulsion_cream] Typical range: 2.0 ~ 12.0% (Median 5.0%, Ref: Zemea Propanediol Technical Monograph) — Clean-beauty emulsion humectant & preservative booster
  - [sun_color] Typical range: 2.0 ~ 55.5% (Median 4.0%, Ref: Global Starter Formulation Library Statistical Distribution (n=11, GRANT 11)) — Sun care & color cosmetics dispersion / sensory modifier
■ [5. Formulation Engineering, Stability & Incompatibility Matrix (Layer 3-B)]
  - Addition Phase: Water Phase
  - Optimal pH Range: pH 2.0 ~ 12.0 | Max Process Temp: Max 90°C | Electrolyte Tolerance: HIGH
  - Incompatibility / Caution: Superior skin tolerability compared to petroleum-derived 1,2-Propylene Glycol; excellent co-solvent for Salicylic Acid and Ferulic Acid
  - Synergy Pairings: GLYCERIN, FERULIC ACID, SALICYLIC ACID, ASCORBIC ACID | Reference Trade Names: Zemea® Propanediol
■ [6. Peer-Reviewed Literature & Official Compendia Evidence]
  - PMID 41831283 (2026, J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci): Screening natural deep eutectic solvent-based extraction to analyze illegal skin-whitening ingredients in cosmetics usin
  - PMID 41796369 (2026, Microb Cell Fact): Cometabolic regulation of glucose and glycerol to enhance 1,3-propanediol yield by Clostridium butyricum
  - PMID 41321210 (2026, Int J Cosmet Sci): Cosmetic creams with caprylic acid-based Natural Eutectic Solvents: Stability, rheology and user perception

## 6. Linked PubMed Literature
- [PMID: 41831283] Screening natural deep eutectic solvent-based extraction to analyze illegal skin-whitening ingredients in cosmetics using HPLC and LC-MS/MS — *J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci* (2026)
- [PMID: 41796369] Cometabolic regulation of glucose and glycerol to enhance 1,3-propanediol yield by Clostridium butyricum — *Microb Cell Fact* (2026)
- [PMID: 41321210] Cosmetic creams with caprylic acid-based Natural Eutectic Solvents: Stability, rheology and user perception — *Int J Cosmet Sci* (2026)
- [PMID: 41205530] Design and mechanistic insights of diacylglycerol-based microemulsions for enhanced transdermal delivery: experimental optimization and molecular dynamics simulation — *J Colloid Interface Sci* (2026)
- [PMID: 40870985] Sustainable Olive Pomace Extracts for Skin Barrier Support — *Pharmaceutics* (2025)
- [PMID: 40722988] Antioxidant and Photoprotective Activities of Viola philippica Polyol Extracts — *Antioxidants (Basel)* (2025)
- [PMID: 41687221] Multifunctional natural herbal extracts Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo composite gel for infected wounds healing — *Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces* (2026)
- [PMID: 41365395] Effects of nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners on acne vulgaris: A systematic review — *Fitoterapia* (2026)
- [PMID: 41029725] Green extraction of poplar type propolis: ultrasonic extraction parameters and optimization via response surface methodology — *BMC Chem* (2025)
- [PMID: 40824633] Facile Evaporation-Stamping Technique for Stimuli-Responsive Biopolymer-Supported Eutectogels Containing Opal Micropatterns — *ACS Appl Mater Interfaces* (2025)
- [PMID: 40669624] Design of fipronil and praziquantel drops using hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose E5 with superior release and penetration — *Int J Biol Macromol* (2025)
- [PMID: 40631809] Efficacy of a topical polyphenol-based formulation in palmoplantar psoriasis: an observational study — *Dermatol Reports* (2026)